[现代文阅读题型]阅读题型之词汇题

时间:2018-08-09 职业资格 点击:
六、词汇题
  词汇题在很大程度上是根据上下文推测词义的正确理解。常见的提问方式有:
  The word“…”means——.
  By“…”the author means_______.
  对于生词、难词,作者一定会在上下文中进行解释、说明或者用一个比较简单的词重复该词,因此这类题并不难做。如:1 would like your candid opinion。direct and truthful.direct和truthful都是对candid的重复说明,可以推断candid是坦诚的意思。又如:Tom is quite talkative.whereas his sister remains reticent all the time.whereas表示转折,因此可以得出reticent是talkative的反义词,“沉默寡言”之意。
  而对于熟词僻义的考题,应该推敲上下文,领会其意思,对本文做适当的引伸;有一个小技巧就是排除该单词常见意义的选项,即对其不予考虑。
  例如:
  The lorry had been ordered to arrive at the rest- house at seven- thirty for loading, and by eight - thirty we thought we should be well on the road. It was very apparent that we were new to Africa. At ten o’clock we were pacing round and round our mountain of luggage on the veranda, cursing and fuming impatiently, scanning the road for the truant lorry. At eleven o’clock a cloud of dust appeared on the horizon and in its midst,like a beetle in a whirlwind。was the lorry.It screeched to a halt below,and the driver dismounted.
  Q1.Pacing means_______.
  A)running B)walking impatiently
  C)counting our steps D)sitting
  本题正确答案是B)。文章开头谈到车子未按预定时间到达这一事实,作者使用了should be这样的虚拟语气,说明了作者初来乍到,加上大堆行李,因此等得极不耐烦。在这一语境下,B)项的意义更确切。
  Q2:Fuming means_______.
  A)angry B)smoking
  C)waiting D)laughing
  本题正确答案是A)(转载 于:Www.bJyLd.com 月亮岛教育 网: [现代文阅读题型]阅读题型之词汇题)。由上文提示,等车等得不耐烦而导致生气发怒,由此推断,“fuming"的意思是“发怒的,生气的”意思。
  Q3:Scanning means______(转 载于:www.Bjyld.com 月亮岛教 育网: [现代文阅读题型]阅读题型之词汇题)。
  A)walking along B)standing beside
  C)blaming D)looking at every part of
  从这句话的上文和"scan for the lorry"这一短语可以判断他们是在张望要等的货车,故本题正确答案是D)。
  Q4:Truant means_______.
  A)that hadn’t turned up B)broken—down
  C)old-fashioned D)dig
  本题正确答案是A)。上文谈到由于车子没按预定时间到达而使他们长时间地等候,由此可推断,“truant"意思是“还没出现的”。
  Q5:Screeched to a halt means_______.
  A)crashed B)stopped slowIy
  C)stopped with a loud noise D)drove up to the door
  本题正确答案是C)。要知道这一短语的意思,就要弄清"screech"一词的意思。联系此句的上下文可判断,车子尖叫着停了下来,此处是指突然刹车发出的声音。
  Q6:Dismounted means________.
  A)got out B)took the engine to pieces
  C)opened the door D)drove away again
  本题正确答案是A)。上文已说明车停了,这一线索和该词前缀dis(意为away)都给了我们猜测该词义的提示。
  词汇题还包括了关于“it、they、one、that”等常见代词的指代问题的题目。在六级里,无论代词指代的是名词还是句子,都会包含名词在内,因此做这类题有一个小技巧就是找名词,在it的前面一个句子里面去找最近的那一个名词。比如:As families move away from their stable community,the informal flow of information is cut off。and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthyand reliable.
  这里距it最近的名词是the informal flow of information,可以知道it指代的句子一定与信息流动有关,而只有正确答案the breakdown of informal information channels中间包含非正式信息流的意思
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